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SAP MM Interview Sample Questions
The following
are some SAP MM sample interview questions that are taken from the internet, sample
certification questions,.
1. What is the difference between the stock transfer between two plants
belonging to same company code and those belonging to different company code?
2. What are the fields in Purchasing view?
3. What are the steps in automatic account assignment config.
4. How do you create movement types? What are the steps involved? When will you
recommend a new movement type?
5. What is meant by access sequence? When it is used?
6. How does the PO pick up the pricing schema?
7. What are the steps involved in creating a pricing procedure?
8. What are the types of special stocks available?
9. What are the types of inforecords?
10. What is meant by consignment stock?
11. What are the steps involved in consignment cycle?
12. Tell me about the subcontracting cycle.
13. How is scrap accounted in subcontracting?
14. How are the byproducts taken care of in subcontracting?
15. Tell me about the various movement types and usage.
16. What is meant by scales? Can scales be used in standard purchase order?
17. What is the difference between a contract and a scheduling agreement?
18. How does the system calculate taxes?
19. How does the system calculate nondeductible taxes?
20. What is meant by batches? How can the batches be searched?
21. How is a shelf-life item managed in SAP? What is the full cycle?
22. What are the settings required for quota arrangement?
23. What is meant by MRP Type and lot sizing?
24. Can it be configured in such a way that the external requisitions can also
be taken into account while MRP runs in consumption-based planning if VB is
selected as MRP type?
25. What is a reference purchase organization? When can it be used?
26. Explain the concept of split valuation and when can it be used? What are
the settings required?
27. What are valuation area, valuation category and valuation class?
28. What is meant by a credit memo?
29. How are free items managed in a PO?
30. What is meant by a release strategy?
31. What are release groups and release codes?
32. What are the differences between release procedure with classification and
release procedure without classification? When are they used?
32. Is it possible to have a release procedure without classification for a PO?
33. What is the maximum number of levels available in SAP?
35. Is it possible to have scales in a quotation?
36. What is GR blocked stock? When it can be used?
37. What is the movement type for return to vendor? How to reverse it?
38. How are the variations in subcontracting taken care of in SAP?
39. What are the tools available for data migration in SAP?
40. What is LSMW?
41. What is the difference between LSMW and CATT?
42. How to give specifications for developments?
43. How do you plan for a vendor rating system and move about?
44. What is RTP?
45. What is the movement type used in receipt of RTP?
46. How is an item with serial no. managed?
47. How do you make variants?
48. What are the types of tables in SAP?
49. How to inventory excise duty in SAP?
50. What are the documents generated in the MIGO 101 movement type? What are
the accounts hit?
What is the work you have done in
the MM module and what programs did you use for creating views in MM?
Q). Define a material master record in SAP?
Answer:
In SAP, a material master record contains all the necessary data required to
manage a material. Material master data includes a description of the material.
Description may include things like size, weight, dimensions etc. Further, this
also includes data relating to the control function i.e. industry sector,
material type etc. All the above data can be maintained directly by the user in
SAP MM. In addition to this data, which can be directly
maintained by the user. Further, the material master record also
contains some data which is directly maintained by the SAP system such as stock
levels, which are updated on a continous basis.
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Q). In SAP what is a component of a module?
Answer:
The structure of SAP is divided in various modules such as SD, MM, PP, FI, CO
etc. Within a module, there are various components. For example the SD module
has the component Sales Order Planning, SD-SOP. As a general rule the
Implementation Guide (IMG), accessed via transaction code [SPRO], is broken down into modules with the subnodes
as components. Thus, individual modules are further sub-divided into components
in SAP.
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Q). What is a transaction Code?
Answer:
In SAP, a transaction code provides a shortcut to a specific function in SAP.
The T-code (transaction code) may be a shortcut to a program or a shortcut to
select further data. In SAP, transactions codes are arranged according to
components or modules. For example the T-code ME53 displays the purchase requisition.
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Q). What is ASAP?
Answer:
ASAP stands for Accelerated SAP (ASAP). ASAP is a software tool used for
project management in SAP implementations. Normally, any SAP implementation invloves
various phases. ASAP helps in guiding a SAP implementation project. Thus from the intial stages to the
"Go Live" stage, ASAP helps in streamlining the entire SAP
implementation process.
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Q). What is the ABAP Workbench?
Answer:
SAP's graphical programming environment is called ABAP WorkBench.
ABAP WorkBench is used to write ABAP code, design
screens, create user interfaces, obtain database information, and debug and
test applications for efficiency. It is essential for developing any ABAP
program.
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Q). What is a transaction in SAP?
Answer:
In SAP, a transaction denotes a group of actions in the system. A transaction
is used to perform a certain set of functions in SAP. Transactions have menu
paths defined so that it is easy for a user to navigate in the system.
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Q). What do you mean by an Organizational Structure in SAP?
Answer:
Organizational structures in SAP means the business structure of the
organization. For example, in the MM module, organizational structure might
consist of purchasing organization, company code, purchasing group and so on.
Normally the term organizational strucure is used to
mean different hings in different modules.
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Q). What is a controlling area?
Answer:
In SAP, a controlling area is an organizational unit delimiting the company's
accounting operations. Thus, a controlling area may include several company
codes. However, all these company codes essentially have to use the same
operative chart of accounts.
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Q). What types of master data in SAP?
Answer:
Each module of SAP has master data. Thus, the Sales and distribution (SAP SD)
has a customer master record, pricing records, the SAP materials management
module (SAP MM) has a material master record, a vendort
amster record, a bill of material (BOM) and so on.
Thus there exist various master data in the different modules in SAP.
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Q). What is master data?
Answer:
Master data in SAP R/3 represents the basic component of a procedure which is
used by the system. Master data thus represents one common record which is
accessed by different procedures. This ensures data integrity throughout the
process. To take an example, a vendor master record may be referenced by more
than one module. The FI module may access the vendor master record to look at
the payment terms for a particular vendor, on the
other hand the MM module may look at the same payment terms for a purchase
document for the same vendor.
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Q). What is an authorization?
Answer:
One of the most basic question relating to any erp or
system is relating to authorization. In a beginner level interview this is one
of the most frequently asked questions. An authorization gives a user permission or the right to perform a given set of
transactions.
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Q.) What is the difference between a module and an IS?
Answer:
This question is almost asked in all beginner level interviews.The
answer for the samw is as under. SAP has many
modules, where each module represents part of a business. A module is further
broken down into various components. A module is the standard SAP solution for
a business. Thus, the SD module may be broken down into the component Basic
Functions, and then even further into Pricing. An IS, on the other hand, may
consist of R/3 core modules that cover, for example, administrative processes,
industry-specific enhancements, and complementary software components from
partners and customers as well.
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Q). Name the core modules in SAP R/3?
Answer:
This is a simple question and the answer would be that the core modules in SAP
R/3 are Financial Accounting (FI), Controlling (CO) normally called FICO (
financial accounting is normally used simulteneously
with controlling), Treasury (TR),Human Resources (HR). The modules covering the
logistics functions are Sales and Distribution (SD), Materials Management (MM),
Quality Management (QM), Plant Maintenance (PM), and Production Planning (PP).
Such a comprehensive answer is sure to impress the interviewer.
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Q). What happens in SAP when a PGI Post Goods Issue is made?
Answer:
When a post goods issue is made in SAP, the ownership of the materials is transfered to the carriers. The carrier in turn transfers
the ownership to the final customer once goods are delivered. This updates the
system data. In simple terms, the stock quantity gets updated in SAP. On PGI,
stock gets reduced from the inventory. Similarly, stock figures also get
updated in General Ledger. This increases the COGS Cost of Goods Sold and
reduces the inventory figure.
SAP updates all old documents so as to indicate that delivery is complete.
Stock Requirement list is also updated T-code MD04, removing the stock item
from the requirement list. Finally, delivery status is updated in SAP enabling
the billing due list so that goods shipped can be billed.
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Q). In SAP how does a user execute the MRP run for a material?
Answer:
The entire purpose of MRP is to plan for a material. The MRP can be executed
using the transaction code MD02. MRP Material Requisition Planning can be done
for a single material item or a multilevel plan can be run for a material
within a plant. But, what exactly does MRP do. Material Requisition Planning
creates PR purchase requisitions, PO purchase
orders, or planned orders for the material. This is done on the basis of the
settings selected in the transactions. To take an example, a particular
material item may be procured externally, in such a case,
an MRP run creates requirements for that material through the respective plant
from a sales document.
Such questions are very popular in SAP interviews both functional as well as
technical. I would suggest you go through the basic material you have on the
module you are focusing on. Another important source of information is SAP help
which gives explanations to each and every term.
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Q). What is the difference between rescheduling and back order
processing?
Answer:
The question just requires a candidate to explain the concepts of Rescheduling
and Backorder processing.
Backorder Processing - Backorder processing is the processing of a backorder.
Now, a backorder means a sales order which has not been confirmed in full or
has not been confirmed at a certain delivery date.
Rescheduling - Rescheduling on the other hand is a proposal which can enable
confirmed quantities already assigned to sales orders might be reassigned to
other orders. This reassignement may be required due
to an order of higher priority which may require an earlier delivery date.
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What is Cost of Goods Sold?
Cost of goods sold is also sometimes phrased as COST OF SALES.
The cost of goods sold is the costs actually incurred in producing the product
or service. It is the direct costs of production. It does not include the
indirect costs, which may be things like administration and marketing costs.
These cannot be directly attributed to producing the product and so are not
included.
The cost of goods sold for a production company will include things like raw
materials, energy and labour used to produce the
product. For a retail company such as Marks and Spencer it will be the total
amount they have paid to their suppliers for the products they sell on the
shelves.
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Q) In SAP, is it possible to have a self-defined transaction code?
Answer:
To start with, yes, self-defined reports, transactions or functions are
possible within SAP. There might be numerous reasons why a company might go in
for customized transaction codes or for that matter reports. To cater to this
demand, SAP allows creation of user-defined transaction codes.
Creating a transaction code allows the user to speed up access to specific
reports/programs as the user no longer needs to use transaction code [SA38].
Thus, instead of using T-Code SA38, then entering the program name or report
name and pressing execute, the same can be done directly through a pre-defined
T-Code. The user can then simply use a transaction code, which will
automatically open the program. In SAP custmoized
T-codes can be created through transaction code [SE93].
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Q). What is a functional area in SAP?
Answer:
In SAP, a functional area is normally assigned to the query. It represents the
logical database or tables with respect to the various linkages/table joins
defined. This helpful in defining which tables and fields the query can
reference.
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Q). In SAP how can a user access object names for which they do not have
authorization?
Answer:
In case a SAP user is trying to execute a transaction code for which he does
not have authorization, he will be given an error message. A user can view the
object or transaction which he does not have authorization using transaction
code SU53.
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Q). In SAP, what is the transaction code for viewing the update error
log?
Answer:
The "Update Error Log" in SAP can be viewed through Transaction code
[SM13].
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Q). How does a user access details of a spool in SAP?
Answer:
A SAP user can access the Spool Administraton
Overview Screen through transaction code [SPAD] while using spools. The screen
helps in investigating output devices and request for outputs. A user can thus
access details of a spool from this menu.
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Q): What is a batch input?
Answer:
SAP provides a facility for updating large amounts of data using a tool. SAP
transactions can be arranged in a specified format and then uploaded into SAP
using batch input facility. A user can record the batch input used for a SAP
transaction and then export the batch input recorded to a text file. Taking an
example, in case changes are to be made in finished goods pricing for all the
finished goods, a user can do it easily using the batch input facility.
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Q). What is a variant in SAP?
Answer:
In SAP, a user can specify various selection parameters while executing a
program. These various selection parameters are called variants in SAP. SAP
stores the various selection parameters as Variants. To take an example, when a
query for executing the delivery due list is given, one of the variants can be
shipping points. Such shipping points can be located in a plant or warehouse as
have been defined in the variant i.e. selection parameter.
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Q). How can locked entries be viewed in SAP R/3?
Answer:
In SAP R/3 locked entries can be viewed using the transaction code [SM12].
Transaction [SU01] can be used to display a list of all the users
alongwith the user details. A user can be unlocked in
the system by informinf him/her through the above mentioned
transaction code.
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Q). What is an IDOC?
Answer:
IDCO refers to information documents in SAP. Information Documents (IDOCs) are divided into various categories and types. Each
IDOC can be translated into an EDI message, or vice versa, in order to cater to
other systems (R/3, R/2, or third-party software).
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Q). What do you mean by an Organizational Structure in SAP?
Answer:
Organizational structures in SAP means the business structure of the
organization. For example, in the MM module, organizational structure might
consist of purchasing organization, company code, purchasing group and so on.
Normally the term organizational strucure is used to
mean different hings in different modules.
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Q). What is copy control?
Answer:
Copy control can be associated with the transfer of data between the various
sales documents from a Quotation to Cash. Thus, copy control forms part of the
document flow process. Copy control uses data at the header and schedule line
level. Copy control determines which data is to be transfered, a copy control
can be set to ensure copying of data at predefined time intervals. Similarly, with
copy control one can also specify when to stop the copying process. Copy
control is important in another way since it helps in determing
wether new prices are used or not.
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Q). How can one view the list of users in a SAP system?
Answer:
In any SAP implementation, a list of the users can be viewed using the
transaction code [SM04]. Alternatively, this can also be viewed by navigating
through thr following menu path: Transaction code[S000] and then choosing the Tools menu. Next, select
Administration. From there, select System Monitoring. Now choose User Overview
and a list of users logged in to the system and the transactions they are
currently in will appear.
T-Code[S000] >> Tools >> Administration
>> Monitoring >> User Overview
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Q). What is ATP?
Answer:
In SAP terminology, the acronym ATP stands for Available-to-Promise. ATP is the
process of verifying the available quantities of material. The ATP quantity is
equal to warehouse stock plus planned receipts (incoming stock) minus planned
issues (outgoing stock). Thus the available to promise (ATP) takes into account
all movements into and out of the warehouse. The stock examined for ATP could
be safety stock, stock in transfer, stock in quality inspection, or blocked
stock, while the planned receipts and planned issues of the stock associated
with ATP could be purchase orders, purchase requisitions, planned orders,
production orders, reservations, dependent reservations, dependent
requirements, sales requirements, or delivery requirements. On the other hand
if the business is into manufacturing specialized stock, the Available to
Promise check is done against such specilaized made
to order stock.
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Q.) What is backwards scheduling?
Answer:
Before goods can be delivered before a specified delivery due date there are a
number of business functions that must be completed. These business functions
involve a time element in them and some have to be done before others. Thus, to
take an example in a manufacturing industry, the final delivery of manufactured
goods to the customer will involve the following:
- Procuring raw materials from the supplier and the time required for the same.
- Time required for transporting the purchased material to the factory
premises.
- Time taken to manufacture the finished goods from the raw material.
- Time taken to pack the finished goods produced.
- Time required to load the finished goods onto the
transport medium.
- Time required to transport the materials to the
customer.
Backward scheduling is nothing but working back the scheduling process from the
requested delivery date to the specified delivery date. Backward Scheduling
helps in controlling and meeting the delivery timelines.
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Q). What is workflow?
Answer:
This is also a very polpular question asked in SAP
interviews. Workflow in terms of SAP means steps in a process performed sequencially. Thus, a workflow consists of a sequence of steps
that are processed by people or automatically by the system. For example SAP
workflow can automate the approval process by requiring a series of approvals
before an invoice can be paid
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Q).In the SAP SD module, how is consignment processed?
Answer:
Consignment stock is stock which is stored locally at the customer's site and
is dedicated for his use only. The standard transaction flow uses a fill-up
document type KB, which follows the move of stock into the customer's site. Once
the customer consumes the stock, he moves the stock via a document type KE,
which moves the stock out of his storage, and an invoice may be issued to the
consignment holder by the company. In case any stock is damaged, the customer
can return the materials into his storage using document type KR. A credit note
for returns may be issued by the company. At the completion of the consignment
period, the company may pick up the unconsumed or damaged stock via document
type KA. While answering questions which ask for how a particular task is
executed in SAP, it is important that interviewee mentions the standard
document types that are used.
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Q).What is a user parameter?
Answer:
A user parameter is a setting in the user profile that enables faster
processing in the system by allowing the user to set default data for specific
fields. In order to check whether a field in the system
contains a given user parameter, first press F1 and then press F9 to access the
technical data of the field in question. Within this technical data, you
may see "Parameter" followed by a value. Set this parameter and the
requested default entry to agree with your profile. A user parameter also
enables access to additional screens or functions. For example, the parameter
MCL with value X permits users to view their update logs through transaction
[MC30]. A user parameter may also be used as a mini-authorization to determine
user access to data.
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Q).What is a client?
Answer:
A client is the highest organizational structure in a SAP work environment.
Normally, there are several clients in each ssytem.
To take an example, there may be QA and Development clients in the Training and
Production system respectively.
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Q) How can one close a period for the materials module (inventory)?
Answer:
This is a specfic question asking for the transaction
code. The interviewee should answer simply by stating that for material master
records, period can be closed using the transaction code T-Code MMPV.
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Q). How does one create a CATT?
Answer:
Normally, advanced interviews involve a lot of technical questions. It is best
to answer these questions in detail giving full steps as to how a particular
task can be executed.
A CATT can be created as follows: start at screen S000. Next, select Tools.
From there, choose ABAP Workbench. From that menu, select Test and then Test
Workbench from that group. Finally, select CATT or CATT extended. One may also
use the transaction code [SCEM] or [SCAT] respectively. The user should then
assign a name to the CATT and select Execute. The user will then be prompted to
follow through a transaction whereby the system will record the steps being
carried out until he or she chooses to end the recording. The user can now
execute this CATT, which will run through the steps automatically.
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Concept of Controls in SAP - SAP R/3 Inherent Controls
Yesterday, I had discussed some of the configurable controls in SAP. Today, I
am discussing some inherent controls in SAP R/3. SAP comes with many predefined
controls. Such controls do not need to be configured seperately
in SAP. Such inherent controls are helpful in preventing any major errors since
SAP itself prevents the same thorough such inherent controls. I have given an
illustrative list of inherent controls in SAP R/3 below. I would ask readers to
add more such controls in the comments.
1. Duplicate checks through message control
2. Sequential documents thorugh number ranges
3. Automatic integration and postings
4. Online data analysis
5. All transactions through unique documents
6. History of transactions executed by users retained including date,
time and user.
7. Logging and history of program changes
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